By the end of 1965, around 40,000 Marines would be deployed in Vietnam. The Army has the most personnel of any of the U.S. armed services. A Cold War-era billboard in Moscow showing bombs raining down on Uncle Sam reading, 'Aggressors out of Vietnam!' In this lesson plan, students analyze a letter to President Kennedy from a woman who had just lost her brother in South Vietnam and consider Kennedy’s reply, explaining his … The advance of Japanese imperial forces into the Asia-Pacific brought an aggressive imperial power clo… As guerilla soldiers, Viet Cong forces often hid amongst the local populace, and were hard to identify. RG 472 United States Forces in Southeast Asia, 1950-1975 Additional records relating to the U.S. Army in Vietnam may be found in: 1. Back home, the Vietnam War led to enormous political and public debate about New Zealand's foreign policy and place in the world. In fact, French President Charles de Gaulle warned his U.S. counterpart, John F. Kennedy Jr., that Vietnam would be a “bottomless military and political swamp.” Though prescient, the advice ultimately went unheeded. The primary military organizations involved in the war were the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) and the United States armed forces, fighting against the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) (commonly called the North Vietnamese Army, or NVA, in English-language sources) and the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (NLF, more commonly known as the Viet Cong (VC) in English language … Making use of traps, tunnel systems, and a variety of insurgent tactics, the Viet Cong were a powerful enemy for much of the war. Learn more about the Viet Cong. The French and American experiences in Vietnam differed in many respects. Determined to prevent South Vietnam from falling into communist hands, the United States propped up Diem with billions of dollars in aid, as well as increasing numbers of military advisers. France had been a long-time occupier of Vietnam before 1954. The Viet Cong insurgency expanded in South Vietnam in 1962. Pritzker Military Museum & Library | Chicago, About the Pritzker Military Museum & Library, Commemorate Their Service Honorial and Memorial, Learn more about the People’s Army of Vietnam, Learn more about the Army of the Republic of Vietnam, Learn more about the U.S. Marine Corps in Vietnam, Learn more about the U.S. Army in Vietnam, Learn more about the U.S. Air Force in Vietnam, Learn more about the U.S. Navy in Vietnam. The ARVN suffered over 200,000 fatalities by the Paris Peace Accords in January 1973, and thousands more would die by the end of the war. However, they were also being paid off by the United States in the form of economic and military assistance. Bombs ready to be loaded onto a French aircraft for the long drawn out Dien Bien Phu Battle of the Indochina War on April 10, 1954. 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