22. The waveforms that are recorded change in predictable ways when the person being recorded is awake and alert, drowsy, asleep, or in a coma. A methodological technique in which trained observers are asked to reflect on, and report on, their conscious experience while performing cognitive tasks. Metal electrodes are positioned all over the scalp. A theory of attention proposing that information that exceeds the capacity of a processor to process at any given time is blocked from further processing. Frameworks for organizing and representing knowledge that contain roles, variables, and fixed parts. A technique to measure brain activity, specifically, to detect different states of consciousness. The processes that prevent information from being retrieved from a memory store. Students will consider how such knowledge relates to debates about nature and nurture, free. A structure in the forebrain, involved in relaying information, especially to the cerebral cortex. The retrieval of information in which the processor must decide whether the information presented has been previously presented. Fast processing 5. founded the Gestalt school of psychology; believing that the whole is viewed as the sum of parts, theorist that developed a series of stages in which an individual passes during cognitive development called genetic epistemology, Darwin's cousin who believed intelligence is inherited and was interested in individual differences, studied the capacity of sensory memory using the partial-report method. . An imaging technique in which a highly focused beam of X-rays is passed through the body from many different angles. One of the earliest schools of cognitive psychology. studied a rat's tendency to learn the course of a maze over time. The inability to detect changes to an object or scene, especially when given different views of that object or scene. See also recovered memory. ‘Shallow’ outputs 7. An alternative to the modal view of memory, proposed by Craik and Lockhart, that postulates that memory depends not on a particular memory store but on the initial processing done to the information at the time of acquisition. The retrieval of information in which the processor must generate most of the information without aids. Or, are do we process information using template matching, featural analyses and prototype matching?Provide some examples of top-down and bottom-up processing. The part of the brain containing structures that are involved in relaying information between other brain regions, or in regulating levels of alertness. While we use both methods, do you think we use one more than the other?What might life … Domain specificity 2. Learn cognitive psychology with free interactive flashcards. Cognitive processes including planning, making decisions, implementing strategies, inhibiting inappropriate behaviors, and using working memory to process information. A memory store thought to hold onto incoming sensory information for very brief periods of time. The large neural structure containing fibers that connect the right and left cerebral hemispheres. Radio waves are directed at a particular part of the body, causing the centers of hydrogen atoms in those structures to align themselves in predictable ways. e. culturally valid. What are the five disciplines that shaped cognitive psychology and what did each contribute? 8. The phenomenon of not perceiving a stimulus that might be literally right in front of you, unless you are paying attention to it. You can bookmark this page if you like - you will not be able … a. two b. three c. four *d. five e. six 23. Knowing the answer to each of these points, however, should serve as a strong basis for helping you organize your study time. Learn cognitive psychology chapter 11 with free interactive flashcards. A phenomenon in which subsequently learned material lowers the probability of recalling earlier learned material. It is thought to consist of three components: a central executive, a phonological loop, and a visuospatial sketch pad. However, as the cognitive revolution took hold, psychology once again began to focus on mental processes as necessary to the understanding of behavior. A component, or part, of an object, event, or representation. Before the 1970s, many mental health approaches were focused more on psychoanalytic, behavioral, and humanistic approaches. Succeed in the course with COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY IN AND OUT OF THE LABORATORY! It is thought to have a small capacity (up to 7 plus or minus 2 "slots"). Strategies to facilitate retention and later retrieval of information. The central issues addressed involve the nature of mind and cognition and how information is acquired, stored, and represented. An imaging technique that uses MRI equipment to examine blood flow in a noninvasive, nonradioactive manner. The Magical Number Seven Experiment was published in 1956 by cognitive psychologist George A. Miller of Princeton University’s Department of Psychology in Psychological Review. Chapter 3 – Perception and Pattern Recognition. The mental depiction, storage, and organization of information. Or, are do we process information using template matching, featural analyses and prototype matching?Provide some examples of top-down and bottom-up processing. Number … Cognitive Psychology. See also false memory. Typically, this involves manipulating independent variables and holding constant all factors but the one(s) of interest. Also called secondary memory. Recalling information from memory in the order or sequence in which it is learnt, with no cues for assistance. A property of research such that the focus of study is something that occurs naturally outside an experimental laboratory. A search for information in which several stores or slots of information are sequentially examined to match to the target. c. culture irrelevant. In addition to adding to our understanding of how the human mind works, the field of cognitive psychology has also had an impact on approaches to mental health. A model of attention in which unattended perceptual events are transmitted in weakened form but not blocked completely before being processed for meaning. Stable patterns of performance that differ qualitatively and/or quantitatively across individuals. An object, event, or pattern as it exists in the world. Cognitive Psychology - Chapter 1 (Names) Names of influential people in Chapter 1. "Cognitive Psychology In and out of the Laboratory" A shift in psychology, that began in the 1950's, from the behaviorist approach to an approach in which the main thrust was to explain behavior in terms of the mind. A theoretical approach to the study of memory that emphasizes the existence of different memory stores (for example, sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory). A structure in the hindbrain that acts as a neural relay center, facilitating the "crossover" of information between the left side of the body and the right side of the brain and vice versa. He received the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1978 and the Turing Award in 1975. measurement in cognitive psychology in which a person is placed in a challenging situation to determine whether or not they will make the "correct" choice; searches for the minimum amount of sensory information needed to perceive the stimulus correctly A research paradigm in which the same experimental subjects participate in different experimental conditions. The cognitive processes underlying the storage, retention, and retrieval of information. Start studying InQuizitive - Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology. A search for information in which each item in a set is examined, even after the target is found. A region in the frontal lobe that is involved with executive functioning. The theory is that when recounting all the information, the memory is already degrading. The facilitation in responding to one stimulus as a function of prior exposure to another stimulus. The focusing of cognitive resources on one or a small number of tasks to the exclusion of others. The phenomenon that material is easier to retrieve when the learner is experiencing the same state or context (for example, physical location, physiological state) that she or he was experiencing at the time of encoding. chapter 01 2013-09-23; chapter 05 2013-09-23; the brain: an overview of structure and function 2013-05-20; chapter 04 2013-09-23; chapter 03 2013-09-23; chapter 02 2013-09-23; chapter 5 2013-05-20; psyc-2600 chapter 4 2013-12-12; psyc-2600: chapter 3 2013-12-12; history, methods, and paradigms 2013-05-03 A disorder of language, thought to have neurological causes, in which either language production, language reception, or both are disrupted. To assert that a cognitive process is specific to a particular culture and not to others is to assert that the process is: *a. culturally relative. The effect on a cognitive process (for example, perception) of the information surrounding the target object or event. Finke theorized that there are _____ principles of mental imagery. The subject is asked to name the ink colors of the words in the list and demonstrates great difficulty in doing so, relative to a condition in which noncolor words form the stimuli. 988 Cards – 42 Decks – 300 Learners Sample Decks: Cognitive Psychology Chapter I (1-8), Cognitive Psychology Chapter III (87-103), Cognitive Psychology Chapter IX Language I An applied area of research that focuses on the design of equipment and technology that are well suited to people's cognitive capabilities. Unformatted text preview: Intro to Cognitive Psychology Exam 1 Review Sheet NOTE: This is designed only to help you figure out what to spend the most time studying.I’m sure I haven’t hit upon everything that will be on the exam. Cognitive resources, mental effort, or concentration devoted t…, A school of psychology that seeks to define psychological rese…, The process of retaining encoded information over time, The process of getting info out of memory storage, encoding on a basic level based on the structure or appearance…, the mental processes, such as perception, attention, and memor…, The mind is a system that creates representations of the world…, the scientific study of mental processes, including determinin…, First cognitive psychology experiment; timed mental events or…, Produce some short-term remembering, but fail to produce longe…, The type of encoding task matches the type of retrieval task, inferior, or towards the bottom of the brain, blood oxygen level-dependent contrast; this is the signal meas…, processing directly influenced by environmental stimuli, a study in which several patients with simular cognitive impai…, a rapid shifting of attention usually caused by a stimulus suc…, Anne Treisman's model of selective attention that proposes tha…, The reallocation of mental resources towards a specific attent…, analyzes incoming message in terms of physical characteristics…. Using her signature, accessible writing style, author Kathleen M. … Mandatory operation 3. The phenomenon that recall is easier when the pharmacological state of the person at recall matches his or her pharmacological state during encoding. See also false memory, recovered memory. A phenomenon in which people recall their personal circumstances (for example, where they were, whom they were with, what they were doing) at the time they heard of or witnessed an unexpected and very significant event (for example, an assassination, a natural disaster). This is not the only way one can become split-brained. The ways in which a cognitive processor allocates cognitive resources to two or more tasks that are carried out simultaneously. d. culturally expressed. This understandable cognitive psychology textbook provides you with the tools you need to master the concepts and improve your performance on exams. They can be long term, such as a special sensitivity to hearing one's own name in a … A movement in psychology that culminated after World War II, characterized by a belief in the empirical accessibility of mental states and events. Is anyone view the correct, or at least predominant, view? This is often used as a means of overcoming short-term memory limitations. The formation of individual units of information into larger units. The proposed component of working memory responsible for subvocally rehearsing auditory information. The mental representation of stored information. A mnemonic strategy of repeating information (either aloud or silently) to facilitate retention and later retrieval. The phenomenon whereby retrieval time to retrieve a particular fact about a concept increases as more facts are known about that concept. A school of psychology that investigates the cognitive abilities and deficits of people with damaged or otherwise unusual brain structures. In the article, Miller discussed a concurrence between the limits of one-dimensional absolute judgment and the limits of short-term memory. Chapter 3 describes three potential ways we process information from the bottom-up. Cognitive (usually perceptual) process guided by environmental input. An experimental paradigm involving presentation of two tasks for a person to work on simultaneously. PYSC 341 Cognitive Psychology Study Questions for Exam 1 . A hypothesized process of forgetting in which material is thought to be buried or otherwise displaced by other information but still exists somewhere in a memory store. cognitive revolution A movement in psychology that culminated after World War II, characterized by a belief in the empirical accessibility of mental states and events. Cognitive Psychology Quizlet of Notes Exam 1 _____ _____ is the study of how people perceive, learn, remember, and think about informationcognitive psychology. A connection or link between two units or elements. A branch of computer science concerned with creating computers that mimic human performance on cognitive tasks. While we use both methods, do you think we use one more than the … Cognitive (usually perceptual) process directed by expectations (derived from context, past learning, or both) to form a larger percept, concept, or interpretation. Part of the brain that controls balance and muscular coordination. A principle of memory that states a retrieval cue will be most effective when it is highly distinctive and not related to any other target memories. A region in the parietal lobe involved in the processing of sensory information from the body—for example, sensations of pain, pressure, touch, or temperature. It is useful in examining why people (or animals) do what they do and how they attempt to justify their actions. 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