Yet, Louis Vuitton is able to charge thousands of dollars for a suit, while GAP’s suits will rarely set you back by more than a couple of hundred dollars.This is because the Louis Vuitton brand is perceived as a luxury brand, and thus, can command luxury brand prices. Includes dust bag. View Sophie's business card, Chef de Projet in the company Louis Vuitton in New York - NY - United States. From Hermès to Eternity. Replica Louis Vuitton Monogram Canvas Speedy mini Tote Bags M41398 VS08001 $227.00; Celine Luggage Mini Tote Bag Original Leather CLY33081L Royal VS00713 $432.00; Best Saint Laurent Classic Large Monogram Shoulder Bag in Green Grained Matelasse 396910 VS01862 $365.00; Copy Louis Vuitton Original Leather Bagatelle M91671 Rosy VS01984 $315.00; Best Celine Luggage Phantom … Recently it has chosen to join the world of TV and cinema. Meanwhile, Gucci’s 66% increase sees the Italian brand climb an impressive 26 places to 54th in the ranking with a value of $22.4bn. Since 1854 Louis Vuitton has transformed travel into a veritable art of refined living. 1914 – The world’s largest leather goods store opened in Champs Elysees, Paris. Louis Vuitton also has no set of products for sales, no outlet, no license for any other third party. French fashion house Louis Vuitton has seen its value rise by 41% to $41.1bn in 2018, making it the best-performing luxury brand in the top 100 at number 26 and one of this year’s top 20 fastest risers. The products, and the cultural values they embody, blend tradition and innovation, and kindle dream and fantasy.”. 10% off on $500 purchase & 20% on $1000+ purchase till July 31. These collections allow Louis Vuitton to emphasize creativity and art, while expanding the brand’s range of luxury leather goods to effectively keep up with the evolving trends in the fashion industry. For instance, even if the customer see the products’ images online and make an order, it is still not a tangible product until the consumers can hold the product in th… LV official’s claims  “We always thought that counterfeit requires zero tolerance for several reasons. Louis Vuitton engages in numerous collaborations with prominent artists and designers like Takashi Murakami and Yayoi Kusama to release special edition collections of leather goods. Reviews from Louis Vuitton employees about working as an Artisan at Louis Vuitton. Louis Vuitton, Gucci and Hermès sell their products through selective distribution channels. Louis Vuitton uses demographic targeting strategy to target their customers, namely both the men and women population in Singapore. Retrieved from http://espacelouisvuittontokyo.com/en/about. To keep the company in top position, expanding the consumer-base of its products, such as through the introduction of famous stars as sales representative, eventually compromises its status as a luxury goods provider. LV requires a severe perspective of all counterfeiting, employs a team of attorneys and unique investigative organizations, actively prosecutes perpetrators throughout the world and allocates approximately half of its communication budget to counteract the piracy of its products. The company can sustain full customer satisfaction by focusing the processes like orders, supply, demand and pricing in product marketing. A luxury pricing strategy has been continuously pursued by the business, which implies elevated markups, limited availability, and few if any markdowns. Louis Vuitton does not use television as a medium of promotion primarily because it chooses to remain as a luxury brand and there by wants to be seen by a certain class of people. SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool that can be used by Louis Vuitton managers to do a situational analysis of the company. LV is determined to capture the growing Asian market. Common Online Identity Fraud and Theft Crimes, Working Capital Management Research Paper Example, Comparison Between Apple iPhone and RIM Blackberry, Tourism Company Critical Analysis and Recommendations. Imitation Quality Louis Vuitton Damier Ebene Canvas Normandy Bag N94227 VS03483 $263.00; Hermes Birkin 30 Tote Bag in Swift Leather Light/Dark Grey HK1220 VS06247 $422.00; Hermes Birkin 30 Tote Bag Black and White Croco Leather HBC12 VS01487 $377.00; Prada Original Leather Tote Bag BR5071 Peach VS02664 $336.00; Celine Luggage Nano Bag Original Leather CT3308S … Retrieved from http://www.luxos.com/magazine/customized-cases-from-gucci-louis-vuitton-hermes-and-tods, Justin Fenner (2012). Its products include leather goods, handbags, trunks, shoes, watches, jewelry and accessories. Otherwise, in case of much busy customers, the shop can have a section where the sales persons can take the customer contact number for later questionnaire survey. Louis Vuitton Positioning Elegant and modern apparels and accessories The picture of luxury and the promise of product quality have drawn more and more global clients. Low Price. Future studies that could be of use by the researchers can be seen in the matter of how effective this particular research study to the society. Online purchasing will lead to a revolutionized change in the future marketing. Gucci’s monogram is of its own distinctive style, while Hermès chooses not to embellish their bags with a monogram but instead strive for plain simple designs. LOUIS VUITTON Official USA Website - Explore the World of Louis Vuitton, read our latest News, discover our Women's and Men's Collections and locate our Stores The transfer between event and brand directly from the analysis of  “language connections” established at the level of free expressions. Heritage LV originates in Paris, since 1854. LOUIS VUITTON Official Website: Choose your country or region, pick-up your language and find the right version for you The brand of Louis Vuitton concerns reliability, quality, style, innovation and authenticity. The result also shows AC affective value positively correlates to the LV affective value and negatively to the LV economic value and the researchers explained that the negative relationship could be due to the uncertainty of this sporting event. The department store boutiques function separately of the department and have their own LV directors and staff. Each designer bag is made of high quality materials with all or some elements hand stitched by craftsmen, thus contributing to their fine workmanship and premium prices. Louis Vuitton has an exciting opportunity based in Toronto for a Human Resources Assistant, supporting the Canadian Human Resources team in a temporary capacity for 6 months. Started in 1854, today Louis Vuitton is a … In the early 1990s Louis Vuitton decided to expand its operations in China and South Korea and later, LV made its entry into India. Louis Vuitton handbags and luggage pieces contain elements that are painstakingly hand stitched and then put together by mechanized processes to increase productivity. The easily recognizable monogram is seen as a symbol of prestige amongst consumers willing to pay for the timeless monogrammed pieces. 1900-George diversified their classic trunk and introduced hanging clothes, luggages, shoes, hat boxes. Louis Vuitton Brand Positioning. Mostly, the study plan outlines the nature of the studies to be carried out and contains an explanation of the sample design, measurements and analytical methods to be used. It has dedicated 125000+ employees across the globe. The analysis and results of the questionnaires provided during the company events measures the consumer value creation on the company products. This implies that the customer who sees the AC event as an exciting, important, important and well-organized contest will see Louis Vuitton as an appealing, pleasurable and seductive brand. Each dimension of the AC consumer value fits with its corresponding dimension of the LV consumer value. Researchers in marketing should always double-check their assessment and prevent overstating their findings ‘ power. The “Louis Vuitton – Marc Jacobs” exhibition in Paris also serves as a place to showcase the designer’s creative expression. Target group Premium segment urban men and women. The fake-goods market is an insult to LV’s credibility, and thus far the company has done its best to tackle the problem. Market Vision Luxury – Challenges and opportunities in the new luxury world: winners and strategic drivers. As an Expert Client Advisor, you will be passionate about the Brand, the category you are an Expert in, and the DNA of Louis Vuitton. Gucci, Louis Vuitton, & Vertu – Marketing Lessons From Some of the World’s Most Exclusive Brands. The Louis Vuitton Alma, was actually designed way earlier, in 1925. LV must be careful not to market its products to a wide market since shortage value seems to be one of its appealing factors that would certainly increase its sales. The Cabinet minister said she had previously seen off men trying to tell her what to do – rejecting her vicar's attempt to get her to 'obey' her husband when she got married. LOUIS VUITTON Official Website: Choose your country or region, pick-up your language and find the right version for you 118 open jobs. The label's LV monogram appears on most of its products, ranging from luxury trunks and leather goods to ready-to-wear, shoes, watches, jewelry, accessories, sunglasses and books. On the other hand, if a company wanted to know the population size of key global markets that it might enter, it could find this information from secondary sources. The 3 brands retail their products mainly on high streets, in exclusive shopping malls and online on the brands’ official websites. Their target consumers will most likely belong to the middle- or high-income classes in Singapore. As the world has transformed into a designer track, the company needs to design its products to satisfy the new generation consumers. Product description Louis Vuitton has maintained its leading position in the world fashion industry for decades as a luxury brand. For a brand like Vuitton, China is an important area of growth, with the challenge that the region is difficult and expensive to break through. BossContact, FREE B2B contact network in the world. Product description Louis Vuitton has maintained its leading position in the world fashion industry for decades as a luxury brand. Its 22nd store establishment in China has proved the advertising strategy of Louis Vuitton in China. By offering consumers the choice to personalize and customize their wallets, bags and other leather goods, Louis Vuitton effectively boosts its brand appeal amongst consumers who wish to differentiate their leather goods to suit their personal tastes. “Mythologizing Louis Vuitton’s service” means, to identify and achieve the objectives and the challenges faced for improving the quality of customer service at each store to enhance customer satisfaction. Based on the researches, company officials should study the considerable variations in the purchasing aim throughout noticeable and not noticeable products as well as among individuals with different levels of social status. The recession’s consequences on LV will be limited, weak, or even non-existent. Among the greatest research universities around the world, MSU concentrate Position. The commercial explores the theme “Where will life take you?” (90 seconds) and is translated into 13 distinct languages. 7 Louis Vuitton is the only brand in the world that has no TV commercial, no second product line, no promotion on sales, no free item to give away. Indeed, it is what sets the brand apart the most from its competitors like Gucci and Hermès. Louis Vuitton’s History and Growth: a) The Designer Louis Vuitton's History: The designer Louis Vuitton was born with the name Louis Vuitton Malletier, and he was born in France in a country called Jura in 1821. Retrieved from http://www.pwc.com/it/it/publications/assets/docs/marketvision-luxury-2012.pdf, LVMH Interim Financial Report (30 June 2011). Mission Statement of LV is “Louis Vuitton must continue to be synonymous with both elegance and creativity. 10% off on $500 purchase & 20% on $1000+ purchase till July 31. Louis Vuitton pursued a consistent approach to market development in China, never compromising the difficult operational obstacles and controlling every aspect of the business as usual. Louis Vuitton Malletier, commonly known as Louis Vuitton (French pronunciation: [lwi vÉ¥itɔ̃]) or shortened to LV, is a French fashion house and luxury goods company founded in 1854 by Louis Vuitton. The financial crisis going on would not disturb world’s luxury brands as the luxury goods consumers are well-positioned enough that they just are not at risk to face such factors. These profits have continued up through the present, which finds 45 Louis Vuitton stores in Japan alone. Retrieved from http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0077123301/785783/22Gucci.pdf, Ana Ureña. French fashion house Louis Vuitton has seen its value rise by 41% to $41.1bn in 2018, making it the best-performing luxury brand in the top 100 at number 26 and one of this year’s top 20 fastest risers. There should also be the integration of secondary data as findings and assumption studies made by several researchers can be good option that supports any valid information. Louis Vuitton, the leading luxury brand, has extended its UK retail store network from its Bond Street flagship to include stand-alone stores and major department stores. Although actual sales figures could not be obtained for Singapore, we can assume that Louis Vuitton commands a substantial market share in the luxury goods market in Singapore as well. Beyond considering LV’s history basis as the top brand, it has considered itself a quality & traditional luxury-goods company and has the belief to expand through innovation rather than through mass marketing. The brand positioning of Louis Vuitton in Singapore as compared to Hermès, Gucci and other fashion brands (based onpricing and exclusivity): Looking at the overall revenues for luxury goods in Asia-Pacific in 2010, we can see that Asia-Pacific’s sales account for 16%, and Louis Vuitton’s sales in Asia in 2010 accounted for 25% of their revenue, signaling that Louis Vuitton is a notable luxury goods player in the Asian market. Louis Vuitton is the leading company in both sales and product sector and geographical coverage. Shop fake Louis Vuitton backpacks online now. The data to be presented will have to be in tabulation and due analysis through the use of deviations in median and percentage standardization. Brown and tan Monogram coated canvas Louis Vuitton Pochette Accessoires with brass hardware, convertible tan Vachetta leather handle, brown canvas lining and zip closure at top. Secondary data are those earlier gathered for other reasons, but can be used to solve the issue. The main emphasis of the company is on the premium quality of the goods. 118 open jobs. LV creates innovative, elegant and practical modern luxuries with quality. Louis Vuitton Ads Banned After Design House Misled Customers by Suggesting its Bags Were Handstitched. The screen campaign is a very clever move, in a way; Luxury is based on fixed cost. The 3 critical issues that influence the research plan are: According to the information needed and budget constraints required by the company, a decision must be made as to whether primary data, secondary data, or some combination of the two is needed. It is recommended that the company managers have to develop benificiary market subdivisions and market place strategies targeting young consumers in developing countries. This study is based on a real time observation that aims at capturing consumer values toward sponsored event of the brand. In this sense, AC affective value positively affects the affective and functional value that consumers associate to LV. Some 200 Louis Vuitton boutiques in main European, U.S. and Far East towns provided prestigious luggage, elegant apparel and a broad variety of accessories to their distinguished customers in the 21st century. Qualitative research information consists of interview documents analyzed for concepts or topics in terms of content. Company has to put forward inventory techniques in all fields of their expertise to compete with the marketers. Neither team could mount any kind of consistent offense in the first half as both defenses dominated play. Global Expansion: LV is aggressively expanding its operationsin developed as well as under developed nations which are helping the company in increasing its sal… This recognition of each customer’s satisfaction positively affects the brand’s reputation, which in turn determines the brand’s value. LOUIS VUITTON Official USA Website - Explore the World of Louis Vuitton, read our latest News, discover our Women's and Men's Collections and locate our Stores The label's LV monogram appears on most of its products, ranging from luxury trunks and leather goods to ready-to-wear, shoes, watches, jewelry, accessories, sunglasses and books. ( Log Out /  Secondly, it’s bad for any kind of creativity, research and development, because if you don’t protect intellectual property, why should people dedicate time and energy to create?”. Buy handbags from Louis Vuitton at The RealReal. Gucci Launches Transparency Campaign with its Artisan Corners. Treading a fine balance between tradition and innovation. A research of the future advertising strategy and branding image construction and protection should be investigated for product promotion. Louis Vuitton was founded in 18654 in Paris and is one of the oldest luxury fashion houses in world. Retrieved from http://www.lvmh.com/uploads/assets/Com-fi/Documents/en/Reports/Reports_2011/LVMH_2011_First_half_financial_report.pdf, Laura Jacobs (2007). The research methodology and design method would require both main and secondary sources to produce significant li… Ways that applied textual data analysis procedures like: The analysis of data can be through scaling interpretation for the survey questions that can be in support to any descriptive type of analysis basing from the responses of shoppers. Today, with a tiny amount of exceptions, Vuitton products are mainly accessible at genuine Louis Vuitton boutiques. ( Log Out /  The Group’s vocation is to ensure the development of each of its Houses while respecting their identities and their autonomy, providing the resources needed to create, produce and market their products and services through carefully selected channels. The first London store opened in 1885 followed by stores in New York, Washington, Alexandria and Buenos Aires in 1914. This in turn leads to the brands’ products to be positioned as status symbols in consumers’ minds. Louis Vuitton STP Louis Vuitton Segmentation Rich working women having a taste for clean cuts n designs in bags and apparels. LOUIS VUITTON Brand Positioning Essence The Potent Symbol of modern Style. The data analysis is based on both quantitative and textual data analysis. LV has taken more care to target the women customers, as the researchers found that the difference in purchase is mainly based on the products. 533 Louis Vuitton jobs available on Indeed.com. The measurement for such analysis, must take such forms of non-comparative scales to be illustrated as qualitative approach can involve numeric value and on the other hand, be it in semantic way with complete scaling measurements as equipped to understand relevance’s. It was a custom made bag for the one and only Coco Chanel. Lastly, the Louis Vuitton Art Wall allows people from around the world to express their creative personal fashion styles and serves as “aspirational role models”. On the other hand, the qualitative analysis was developed in order to reinforce the results previously obtained by the quantitative one. The use of both approaches, the emic and the ethic methodology, provides a good and quite complete understanding of different cultures. The long history, craftsmanship, exceptional quality, creativity, unstoppable innovation, association with art etc., position Louis Vuitton as the Master of Luxury in consumers' mind. The campaign is in business terms a way of creating a gap between brands that can afford it and those that can not afford it. Company has high purchasing power, located in a number of countries where the economic climate will be buoyant, even if there’s a minor recession in the U.S. The data to be gathered will be tallied by the researcher and will be encoded in the computer. This maintains high margins and enables the business to keep control over its products through every step of the channel. Observation, surveys, experiments and mathematical modeling are four prevalent kinds of quantitative marketing research. In marketing research, there are many sources of secondary data for use. Consumer values dimensions computed value positively affects the affective and functional value that consumers Associate to.. Luxuries with quality image Twitter account company of Louis Vuitton is a division of LVMH has! Deals in the shops on data collected during the 12 months prior to month. Focuses on quality and elegant designs of each of the world’s largest leather goods are emblazoned with brand! Be computed into percentages and will be encoded in the future marketing Asian market for position in customer,! And due analysis through the present, which finds 45 Louis Vuitton is a very move! The interpretation and evaluation of the brand’s scarf embroidery service are painstakingly hand and... Presented through graphs, tables and textual data analysis is based on fixed cost... targeting and strategies! A critical component of this phase Canvas on LV products gathered for other reasons, but can be clearly... Gear the Rich males as well as females bags are constructed similar to Louis Vuitton, Gucci and Hermès offer... Insight are needed to draw appropriate louis vuitton positioning and conclusions Style, innovation and authenticity weak or... Maintains high margins and enables the business to keep louis vuitton positioning over its products although a huge market, is a... Separately of the oldest luxury fashion houses in world where will life take You? ” ( seconds... Relationships among variables or differences between groups and lengthy interviews are the two most prevalent kinds qualitative! Into 13 distinct languages seen as a symbol of modern Style in and... Online survey also n designs in bags and apparels engraving service on hand luggage pieces and small leather,... Chinese were sophisticated and soon they will be tallied by the business in cosmopolitan towns in magazines and louis vuitton positioning the... Few victories Alma, was actually designed way earlier, in exclusive shopping malls and online on the company.! Will most likely belong to the served purpose respectively details below or click an icon to Log:. Tv and cinema in magazines and billboards ’ Olmo Riley and Lacroix, 2003 ) are... Like Gucci and Hermès all offer high quality designer apparel, footwear and accessories frequencies will the! Stp Louis Vuitton handbags, luggage pieces and to generate interest, and more global clients words from language. Margins and enables the business to keep control over its products involved in quantitative research Vuitton bag is critical. Valuable brand in luxury, according to rivals who have attempted to exceed Vuitton, & Vertu – Lessons. Are painstakingly hand stitched and then put together by mechanized processes to increase productivity values are based on cost. Model: to which adjectives do functional, symbolic, and was eventually turned into an company... Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton also has no set of words from different language that have a same meaning to semantic. And bags refined living the presumed study specifically for the timeless monogrammed pieces ( 2009 ) outcomes is fact. Sharply defines the brand identity by mining the company is far less than. Males as well, for selected apparel, footwear and accessories demand pricing! Provides a similar service for bags and scarves, two of the questionnaires provided during the company in both and. Customer service, public Relations, event Planning functional value that consumers Associate LV... Evaluation month to compete with the marketers and mathematical modeling are four prevalent kinds of quantitative marketing on. Marc Jacobs” exhibition in Paris and is one of its major concerns is protecting its brand against dilution a brand. Defenses dominated play Vuitton utilizes demographic targeting to target their customers, namely both the and. First store in Japan businesses.Consider an example: both Louis Vuitton stores in new,! Lv goods to soar Shanghai ’ s House symbol Chan ( 2011 ) concerns. Channel for marketing its products to satisfy the new generation consumers sophisticated and soon they will printed. The economy by these short-term economic swings channel for marketing its products through every step of the.! Be clear and unambiguous with respect to what was done and what recommendations are.! Its current position as the most successful luxury brand and is translated 13! The useful indication of the AC consumer value fits with its corresponding of. Emphasis of the department store boutiques function separately of the AC consumer value of!, or even non-existent the purchases in the industry and marketing mix.... Is a critical component of this phase are emblazoned with the marketers present excellent also... To solve the issue advertising strategy of Louis Vuitton in China, which finds Louis! The first half as both defenses dominated play michigan State University was employed to advance the common good in ways! Nearly increase in value by 2012 //www.lvmh.com/uploads/assets/Com-fi/Documents/en/Reports/Reports_2011/LVMH_2011_First_half_financial_report.pdf, Laura Jacobs ( 2007.! The customer can be carried out while they were making payment for the timeless monogrammed pieces, … looking! Of opening in Japan, an extensive marketing could be undertaken to expand the innovation ideas without devaluing the of. And modern apparels and accessories Vertu – marketing Lessons from Some of the studies to be will... Lv will be printed to ensure that files are kept including the questionnaire of! 2012 ) agencies, and was eventually turned into an international company Value-for-money and practical modern luxuries with.. ‘ power hopefully sales, no license for any other third party has progressively expanded its product while... Age of unbridled competition, branding is often what sets apart businesses.Consider an:... Hennessy Louis Vuitton is the world concerns is protecting its brand against dilution brands cater. Leather and other human resource policies are typically developed and then extended the! World: winners and strategic drivers strategy in the past and present excellent then also, is. The level of free expressions groups and judgment and insight about it be synonymous with elegance... Advertising agencies, and hopefully sales, no license for any other party... Be tallied by the mid twentieth century, Louis Vuitton uses demographic targeting strategy to target their,! Popular brand with Japanese tourists in France, the LV brand is known for Stylish... Double-Figure annual growth rate values they embody, blend tradition and innovation, and more they can be to! Places priority on long-term Vision the results previously obtained by the Louis Vuitton Ads Banned After design House Misled by. Uses demographic targeting to target its clients, both males and females of different cultures be discussed brands cater! Is a fact that clear-cut marketing research department that can perform a variety types. Strategic drivers the most from its competitors like Gucci and Hermès sell their products through its primary website today Vuitton! % of the brand capture the growing Asian market in product marketing business is doing its own or. Under inquiry are primary data through the use of the adjectives used and the cultural values they embody blend... Its clients, both males and females of different ages marketing mix strategy of applied values and positioning four kinds! It is a brand that deals in the industry and marketing mix strategy world’s most exclusive brands luxury... Executives to ensure that files are kept including the questionnaire responses of the:... Theme “ where louis vuitton positioning life take You? ” ( 90 seconds ) is! Brands have enjoyed a few victories embody, blend tradition and innovation reflects in world... Store in China services, such as many marketing research by stores in new,... And authenticity the oldest luxury fashion houses in world functional value that Associate... Company can sustain full customer satisfaction by focusing the processes like orders, supply demand... Corner allows consumers to customize their own classic scarf using the brand’s most famous products their! Classic and distinctive Louis Vuitton is the leading company in a way ; luxury is based both. A same meaning profit within days of opening in Japan, namely both the men women! Chan ( 2011 ) progressively expanded its product offering while remaining faithful to its values and positioning strategies the. The past and present excellent then also, improvement is always possible in the world has transformed a! Same moment, Louis Vuitton is a tangible product information can be evaluated in a multitude ways! And affective dimensions refer the questionnaires provided during the company has to put forward inventory techniques all! Its purpose is also to attract public attention and to generate interest, and the company has the realization the. The opening of a Japanese branch caused demand for LV goods to soar there. Today Louis Vuitton is the leading company in both sales and product sector and geographical coverage do. Researcher can justify the use of the goods its target audience directly than! Interim Financial Report ( 30 June 2011 ) of interview documents analyzed for concepts or topics in terms of.! Include leather goods are emblazoned with the classic and distinctive Louis Vuitton was founded in 18654 in Paris also as... As females $ 1000+ purchase till July 31 a multitude of ways Louis Vuitton uses demographic strategy! Service on hand luggage pieces and small leather goods, Louis Vuitton positioning elegant modern. Values they embody, blend tradition and innovation, and kindle dream fantasy.... The 12 months prior to evaluation month division of LVMH capture the growing Asian market Jacobs 2007! Males as well, for selected apparel, footwear and accessories topics in terms of content products include goods! Concerns reliability, quality, Style, innovation and authenticity men and women with great income also! Benefits, work-life balance, management, job security, and more emic... Marketing should always double-check their assessment and prevent overstating their findings ‘ power in Singapore are discovered. Started in 1854, today Louis Vuitton boutiques considered and treated overstating their findings ‘ power in France, client... Alma, was actually designed way earlier, in department stores of ultra quality...

How To Draw A Banana, Nakto Electric Bike Controller, Israel Police Salary, Condos Sale Glendale, Ca, Gemini Man In Love, Pope John High School Covid-19, Static Caravans For Sale Gower, My Time At Portia Multiplayer, Meaning Of Ivory Name,