Fundamentally, DRR succeeds in reducing risk by building the strengths, attributes and resources available within a community, society or organization – collectively known as their capacity. There is clear evidence to suggest that low-income countries with weak governance are more vulnerable and less resilient to disaster risk (UNISDR, 2013, 2015a). SOURCE: Adapted from UNIDSR (2015a) [GAR15]. From a development perspective, therefore, disaster risk reduction is vital for building a more equitable and sustainable future. Successful DRR results from the combination of top-down, institutional changes and strategies, with bottom-up, local and community-based approaches. This Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) course has been designed to provide an in-depth overview of DRRM to humanitarian professionals interested in expanding their knowledge on DRRM. Management skills are essential in every aspect of disaster … One of these key priorities of the National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Plan is disaster preparedness. It is important for you to understand a few Emergency and Disaster Preparedness Slogans. Risk reduction opportunities will also be further integrated into this support. For instance, relocating exposed people and assets away from a hazard area. For more information, visit the Silver Jackets online. The process of formally or informally shifting the financial consequences of particular risks from one party to another whereby a household, community, enterprise or state authority will obtain resources from the other party after a disaster occurs, in exchange for ongoing or compensatory social or financial benefits provided to that other party. Disaster risk management (DRM) is a systematic application of management policies, procedures and practices to the tasks of identifying, analyzing, evaluating, treating and monitoring risk. Gambling on climate disaster-preparedness is high risk. For instance, constructing flood defences, planting trees to stabilize slopes and implementing strict land use and building construction codes. You have to find out different ways of dealing with disasters and that requires proper knowledge and training. In our view, the results are clear: Disaster preparedness saves lives. It is rather a concern for everyone - from citizens who must be empowered to make decisions which reduce risk, to political leaders, government institutions, the private sector, civil society organisations, professional bodies, and scientific and technical institutions. Overall and insured losses worldwide, 1980-2013 © Munich Re, 2013: Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE, as of January 2014. In an increasingly interconnected world, we are seeing that disasters can also result in synchronous failures. As governments increasingly seek to manage their sovereign financial risk or support programs that manage individual financial risks (e.g., micro-insurance or household earthquake insurance). An email has been sent to the email addresses provided, with a link to this content. But, before being able to reduce risk, we need to understand the hazards, and the exposure and vulnerability of people and assets to those hazards. Construction of a channel to reduce the risk of underground flooding © Focus Humanitarian Assistance (FOCUS) - USA. The Silver Jackets are cooperative teams that bring together many partners to work on risk reduction. Approaches need to address the different layers of risk (from intensive to extensive risk), underlying risk drivers, as well as be tailored to local contexts. Such a broad approach to cost-benefit analysis can increase the visibility and attractiveness of investments in disaster risk reduction. Risk assessment can play a critical role in impact modelling before an event strikes (in the days leading up to a cyclone, for example), or it can provide initial and rapid estimates of human, physical, and economic loss in an event’s immediate aftermath. We have over 30 years of research into disaster risk, but much of this is not available in a form that is understandable or useful to those who need it the most. All mitigation measures are important as they save lives and reduce the cost of … There is therefore a need for risk scientists and researchers to shift their focus to the production of risk information that is understandable and actionable for different kinds of users: in other words, risk knowledge (CDKN, 2014; GFDRR, 2014a in UNISDR, 2015a,b). Disaster management forces can help by removing people and property from a threatened location and by facilitating timely and effective rescue, relief and rehabilitation at the place of disaster. The Importance of School Based Disaster Risk Reduction The vulnerabilities of Nepal have been exposed by the 2015 earthquake as well as the more recent tragic flooding in different areas of the Tarai region. Over the last 10 years, there has been significant progress in strengthening disaster preparedness, response and early warning capacities and in reducing specific risks, according to the HFA Monitor. That is, to predict and, where possible, prevent disasters, mitigate their impact on vulnerable populations, and respond to and effectively cope with their consequences. Kailali Disaster Risk Reduction Initiatives, April 2009 / iii I would like to acknowledge the support of the European Commission’s Humanitarian Aid department, which both helped produce this publication and funded the Kailali Disaster Risk Reduction Initiatives Project under the … How governments, civil society and other actors organise DRM, for example through institutional arrangements, legislation and decentralisation, and mechanisms for participation and accountability is termed risk governance (UNISDR, 2011). However, we need to recognize that the impact of some DRM measures may not be immediate. Participatory mapping Horacio Marcos C. Mordeno, MindaNews CC BY 2.0. 4) to reduce the underlying risk factors; and She is also the Chair of the United Nations Development Group. We have made more progress in managing disasters than in reducing our disaster risk. The policy objective of anticipating and reducing risk is called disaster risk reduction (DRR). The Mobile Learning Hub of the city’s Department of Disaster Resilience and Management (DDRM) was inaugurated by City Mayor Jaime Fresnedi and other local officials on January 4, 2021. Disaster risk reduction is about decisions and choices, including a lack of, so risk information has a role in five key areas of decision making: Because the damages and losses caused by historical disasters are often not widely known, and because the potential damages and losses that could arise from future disasters (including infrequent but high-impact events) may not be known at all, DRM is given a low priority. In other words, they are not resilient. Experience of disasters raises awareness, however the importance communities and businesses attach to their risk is influenced by social, economic, territorial and environmental constraints and opportunities. 2) to identify, assess, and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning systems; Earthquakes and violent weather-related catastrophes helped make 2011 the costliest year ever for response and recovery from disaster. It may take decades for the outcome of improved planning regulations and building standards to translate into reduced disaster losses, as a critical mass of new, risk-sensitive building and urban development has to be achieved (UNISDR, 2015a). Making investments in prevention and preparedness, including through civil defence exercises, is a necessary part of systematic efforts to increase resilience to disaster. Awareness, identification, understanding and measurement of disaster risks are all clearly fundamental underpinnings of disaster risk management (UNISDR, 2015b). The importance of resilience in disaster risk management can be seen from the centrality of the term in the 2005-2015 Hyogo Framework for Action, which was subtitled “Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters.” Building resilience, therefore, is … Implementation of these activities and measures is rarely done in isolation and includes a number of associated activities, including: Activities for reducing risk can be described as structural, for instance land use planning and implementation of building codes, and non-structural, for instance awareness raising, policy-making and legislation. © Although DRM includes disaster preparedness and response activities, it is about much more than managing disasters (UNISDR, 2015a). An Act Strengthening the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System, providing for the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Framework and Institutionalizing the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan, appropriating funds therefor and for other purposes • ADAPTATION adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic … For instance, installing early warning systems, identifying evacuation routes and preparing emergency supplies. The generation of understandable and actionable risk information needs to be particularly sensitive to extensive risk, which, because it is configured to a large extent by social, economic and environmental vulnerability, can be reduced effectively through risk management and sustainable development practices (UNISDR, 2015b). A center committed to disaster risk reduction and protection of life, property, and the environment, the Center for Disaster Preparedness Foundation is at the forefront as a resource center in community-based climate and DRRM in the Philippines and Asia-Pacific Region. ... there is a growing recognition of the value of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) strategies in preparing for and thus reducing economic losses associated with disasters. Reducing these two components of risk requires identifying and reducing the underlying drivers of risk, which are particularly related to poor economic and urban development choices and practice, degradation of the environment, poverty and inequality and climate change, which create and exacerbate conditions of hazard, exposure and vulnerability. Members of the Silver Jackets learn from one another and apply their knowledge to reduce the risk of flooding and other natural disasters. 5) to strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response and recovery at all levels, from the local to the national. Partnerships are said to be essential for successful disaster risk reduction (DRR), but basic questions about what makes them work are rarely asked.   Development can be sustainable, it is just a question of whether we can change our approach in time to prevent disaster risk from reaching dangerous levels (UNISDR, 2015a). Cost-benefit analyses can be expanded to highlight the trade-offs implicit in each decision, including the downstream benefits and avoided costs in terms of reduced poverty and inequality, environmental sustainability, economic development and social progress (UNISDR, 2015a). Communities are now able to bounce back more quickly after a calamity. Historically, dealing with disasters focused on emergency response, but towards the end of the 20th century it was increasingly recognised that disasters are not natural (even if the associated hazard is) and that it is only by reducing and managing conditions of hazard, exposure and vulnerability that we can prevent losses and alleviate the impacts of disasters. Disaster risk is an indicator of poor development, so reducing disaster risk requires integrating DRR policy and DRM practice into sustainable development goals. New evidence demonstrates, however that the opportunity cost of disasters is high and that many low and middle-income countries, and small island development states are financially unable to cope with the predicted future losses from disasters while also maintaining their capacity to develop (UNISDR, 2015a). Moreover, risk information for resilient reconstruction needs to be available before an event occurs, since after the event there is rarely time to collect the information needed to inform resilient design and land-use plans. Disaster preparedness refers to measures taken to prepare for and reduce the effects of disasters. Addressing these underlying risk drivers will reduce disaster risk, lessen the impacts of climate change and, consequently, maintain the sustainability of development (UNISDR, 2015a). Small island developing States have undertaken to strengthen their respective national frameworks for more effective disaster management and are committed, with the necessary support of the international community, to improve national disaster mitigation, preparedness and early-warning capacity, increase public awareness about disaster reduction, stimulate interdisciplinary and inter-sectoral partnerships, … Disaster preparedness provides a platform to design effective, realistic and coordinated planning, reduces duplication of efforts and increase the … Nepal is regarded as one of the countries most vulnerable to disasters and over the years, it has been the victim of various disasters ranging from small to massive natural disasters. The best time to address the issues of Disaster Risk Reduction Management is now, no other best time BUT TODAY! An understanding of the geographic area affected, along with the intensity and frequency of different hazard events, is critical for planning evacuation routes, creating shelters, and running preparedness drills. The good news is that we can achieve great things when we invest in DRR. However, while risk awareness may be a precondition, the importance people attach to managing their risks can only be understood in the context of the full range of social, economic, territorial and environmental constraints and opportunities they face (UNISDR, 2015a) - see the story of Ratnapura and the Chao Phraya River below. Talk to us: how can we ensure that gains made in human development aren’t reversed by disasters? Both individuals, governments and businesses tend to discount low-probability future losses and seem reluctant to invest in DRM. * * * Adapted from UNISDR Global Assessment Report 2015, Construction of a retaining wall to limit flooding, Afghanistan © UNOPS CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. 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